Chapter 12: Voice (Active & Passive)
Voice batati hai ki sentence ka subject action kar raha hai (Active) ya us par action ho raha hai (Passive).
1. Active Voice (The Doer is Important) 🦸
Active Voice mein Subject (karta) sabse important hota hai, aur wahi action karta hai.
- Structure: Subject + Verb + Object
- Hinglish Example: Ravi ne phone theek kiya.
- English Example: Ravi repaired the phone.
- Use Kab Karein: Jab aapko yeh batana ho ki kisne action kiya Yeh zyada direct aur simple hota hai.
2. Passive Voice (The Action/Object is Important) 🎁
Passive Voice mein Object (karm) sabse important hota hai. Action toh hota hai, lekin kisne kiya yeh ya toh bataya nahi jaata, ya 'by' laga kar end mein bataya jaata hai.
- Structure: Object + to be (form) + V3 + (by Subject)
- Hinglish Example: Phone theek kiya gaya (Ravi ke dwara).
- English Example: The phone was repaired (by Ravi).
Passive Voice Use Karne Ke Reasons 💡
- Jab Karta (Doer) Pata Na Ho: Jab humein pata nahi ki action kisne kiya
Example: My wallet has been stolen. (Pata nahi kisne churaya) - Jab Karta Zaruri Na Ho: Science, news, ya formal writing mein, jahan action zaroori hai, karta nahi
Example: The experiment was conducted safely. - Cheezon Ko Zyada Importance Dena: Jab aapko object par zyada focus karna ho.
Example: The film is being made in London.
3. Active se Passive Mein Badlav (Rules) 🔄
Active se Passive banane ke liye teen (3) basic rules yaad rakhiye:
- Subject ko Object ki Jagah aur Object ko Subject ki Jagah laao.
- Hamesha V3 (Past Participle) use hoga.
- Hamesha Tense ke anusaar 'To Be' ki form (is, am, are, was, were, been, being) use hogi.
| Tense (Active) | Passive Structure | Example (Active 👉 Passive) |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | is/am/are + V3 | He cleans the room. 👉 The room is cleaned. |
| Present Continuous | is/am/are + being + V3 | He is reading a book. 👉 A book is being read. |
| Present Perfect | has/have + been + V3 | They have finished the work. 👉 The work has been finished. |
| Simple Past | was/were + V3 | She wrote a letter. 👉A letter was written. |
| Future (Will) | will be + V3 | I will solve the problem. 👉 The problem will be solved. |
| Modals | Modal + be + V3 | We must follow the rules. 👉 The rules must be followed. |
❌ Note:
Future Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous aur Future Perfect Continuous ka Passive form generally use nahi hota
🔑 Chapter 12 Takeaway
Active Voice direct hai, Passive Voice formal hai aur tab use hota hai jab action/object zaroori ho Passive Voice mein hamesha 'to be' + V3 ka use hota hai, yeh formula yaad rakhna! 😉